In Vietnam, litigation is generally treated as a last resort in dispute resolution. Businesses often strive to avoid court proceedings, given the potential for disrupted relationships, higher costs, and lengthy timelines. Yet, litigation is sometimes unavoidable, whether to secure a remedy or respond to a claim. Familiarity with Vietnam’s court system and procedures is therefore crucial for any party involved in such matters. Civil Litigation in Vietnam offers a concise overview of the country’s civil court system and litigation process. The guide a highlights essential points for navigating legal disputes in Vietnam, whether as a plaintiff or a defendant. Tilleke & Gibbins also publishes a similar guide for Thailand. The full Civil Litigation in Vietnam guide is available as a PDF through the button below.

Attorneys from Tilleke & Gibbins’ Yangon office have contributed Employment and Employee Benefits in Myanmar: Overview, a Q&A-style guide published by Thomson Reuters Practical Law. The resource provides a concise overview of key legal and practical considerations for employers operating in Myanmar and reflects the country’s most recent regulatory developments in employment law. The chapter addresses the following core topics: Scope of employment regulation: Application of Myanmar labor laws to foreign nationals and Myanmar citizens working abroad. Employment status: Classification of workers, statutory employment rights, and requirements for official employment contracts. Regulation of the employment relationship: Mandatory contract provisions, collective agreements, and procedures for amending employment terms. Wages and working hours: National minimum wage updates, overtime rules, and leave entitlements. Termination of employment: Notice requirements, severance payments, and protections against dismissal. Discrimination and harassment: Statutory protections and remedies under Myanmar labor law. Health and safety: Employer obligations under the Occupational Safety and Health Law and related regulations. Tax and social security: Income tax rates for resident and non-resident employees, and mandatory employer and employee contributions. Intellectual property and post-employment restrictions: Ownership of employee-created IP and enforceability of non-compete clauses. Practical Law, a leading legal reference resource from Thomson Reuters, publishes a wide range of comparative guides for jurisdictions and practice areas worldwide. Its Employment and Employee Benefits series provides practical insights into employment law regimes across numerous countries. To view the latest version of the Myanmar overview, please visit the Practical Law website and enroll in a free trial for full access.

Myanmar’s National Committee for Setting the Minimum Wage has introduced another MMK 1,000 daily allowance for private-sector workers, bringing the total minimum daily wage to MMK 7,800 (approx. USD 3.72). Notification No. 1/2025 marks the third such increase in recent years as the government continues adjusting compensation across both public and private sectors. Although the notification was issued on October 14, 2025, it takes retroactive effect from October 1, 2025. Current Minimum Wage Structure In May 2018, the committee established a base minimum wage of MMK 4,800 (approximately USD 2.29) for an eight-hour workday (MMK 600 per hour), applying to all workers regardless of location or job type. The committee has subsequently announced additional daily allowances for private-sector workers: MMK 1,000 effective October 1, 2023, and another MMK 1,000 effective August 1, 2024. With the latest MMK 1,000 daily allowance from October 1, 2025, the total additional allowance reaches MMK 3,000, resulting in a new combined minimum daily wage of MMK 7,800. Alignment with Public Sector Increases The new allowance aligns with increases granted to government personnel. The Ministry of Finance and Revenue’s Notification No. 110/2025 previously granted monthly increases of MMK 30,000 to service and Tatmadaw personnel starting in October 2023 and August 2024. With the latest increase effective October 1, 2025, the total monthly allowance for these personnel now amounts to MMK 90,000. Daily wage employees in government departments received MMK 1,000 increases in the same periods, totaling MMK 3,000 in daily allowances—mirroring the private-sector adjustment. Key Implementation Details The latest announcement confirms several important aspects of the allowance structure: Employees are entitled to the base wage and additional allowances during their entitled leave and holidays, in accordance with the 1951 Leave and Holidays Act. The MMK 3,000 daily allowance is excluded from overtime calculations, which must

On September 24, 2025, Thailand’s House of Representatives voted to approve two draft amendments to the Labor Protection Act in their first reading, aiming to enhance workers’ rights and quality of life through improved working conditions, expanded leave entitlements, and stronger antidiscrimination protections. Key provisions of the draft amendments are outlined below. Draft Bill on Workers’ Rights This draft bill focuses on improving working conditions, working hours, and annual leave entitlements. The key provisions include: Limiting normal working hours to no more than 40 hours per week, reduced from the current 48 hours per week. For hazardous work, as defined by ministerial regulations, the maximum working hours are set at 35 hours per week, reduced from the current 42 hours per week. Mandating at least 2 days off per week, with no more than 5 consecutive working days between rest days. This is an increase from the current requirement of at least 1 day off per week, with the interval between days off not exceeding 6 days. Providing annual leave entitlement of at least 10 working days after the completion of 120 consecutive working days, compared to the current entitlement of 6 days after 1 year of employment. Draft Bill on Workers’ Quality of Life This draft bill is designed to enhance workers’ quality of life and promote equality and nondiscrimination in the workplace. The new additions to the Labor Protection Act include: Menstrual leave for female employees: Up to 3 days per month, which shall not be counted as sick leave or deducted from other statutory leave entitlements. Family caregiving leave: Employees are entitled to up to 15 working days per year to care for close family members or loved ones. For absences of 5 or more days, employers may request supporting documents such as a medical certificate