You are using an outdated browser and your browsing experience will not be optimal. Please update to the latest version of Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox. Install Microsoft Edge

June 13, 2024

Thailand Accepting Applications for Programmable Payment Regulatory Sandbox

Subscribe to Updates

The Bank of Thailand (BOT) has announced its new Enhanced Regulatory Sandbox, which provides an opportunity to experiment with currently restricted financial innovations under a controlled environment. The BOT is employing a thematic approach to determine the scope of technology or innovations that may participate in the Enhanced Regulatory Sandbox and will only accept applications in each theme for a limited period.

The first announced theme is “programmable payments,” which refers to payment and payment-related transactions with automatic execution upon the fulfillment of a predefined condition utilizing distributed ledger technology (DLT) and a smart contract or comparable technology in which electronic data units are issued on an electronic system or network. The application period for programmable payment testing in the Enhanced Regulatory Sandbox runs from June 13 to September 13, 2024.

A summary of the programmable payment testing framework under the Enhanced Regulatory Sandbox is provided below.

Scope

The Enhanced Regulatory Sandbox accepts applications for the following programmable payment activities:

  • Automated payment and settlement upon fulfillment of predefined conditions.
  • Escrow services with predefined delivery or transactional conditions.
  • Asset tokenization through issuance of digital tokens representing rights in an asset, with payment for tokens or payment of benefits or returns to holders of digital tokens occurring automatically when conditions are met.
  • Other testing related to the items mentioned above.

Requirements and Conditions

Programmable payment testing activities in the Enhanced Regulatory Sandbox must comply with the following requirements and conditions:

  • Electronic data units issued for programmable payment testing must be pegged to the Thai baht (THB) on a one-for-one basis (i.e., 1 unit = THB 1), with the float account storing THB equal to the value of the electronic data units issued.
  • Participants must define the redemption rights of the unitholders and proceed with the THB redemption according to the participants’ service level agreements.
  • Participants must have risk management, IT support, business continuity, and IT disaster recovery plans.
  • Participants must comply with know your customer (KYC), know your merchant (KYM), and customer due diligence (CDD) standards under the relevant laws and regulations of Thailand’s Anti-Money Laundering Office.
  • Participants must have a client suitability assessment process to prevent vulnerable customers from using services under the testing.
  • Participants must have measures to prevent the utilization of electronic data units for purposes outside the scope of testing (e.g., using the units as means of payment outside the scope of the test, listing the units on digital asset platforms, or using the units for investment or speculation purposes).

For more information on the BOT’s regulatory sandbox program, regulations on programmable payments, or any other aspect of fintech in Thailand, please contact Athistha (Nop) Chitranukroh at [email protected], Pornpan Wichawut at [email protected], or Rujaporn Paritsantik at [email protected].

Related Professionals

Industries

Fintech

Location

RELATED INSIGHTS​ 

October 20, 2024
Following the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s approval of spot Bitcoin ETFs, Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is reassessing regulations on the investments of mutual funds and private funds (collectively “Funds”). The SEC has launched a public consultation on new draft notifications introducing  the new asset classes that can be held by Funds, and aims to bring these rules into effect on January 1, 2025. The highlights of these changes are set out below. Eligible New Asset Classes The new asset classes that can be held by Funds can be categorized into two types—investment tokens and crypto assets—and the determination will focus on substance over form. Investment tokens: If the substance involves raising funds, regardless of what the assets are called, and they are legally issued and offered or approved by home regulators that are members of the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), Funds can invest in these types of assets as transferable securities within the permitted ratio. Crypto assets: The eligible crypto assets which Funds are entitled to hold focus on crypto ETFs or offshore funds investing in crypto assets, and they are subject to investment limits. Funds can hold crypto assets directly, but only temporarily, and only for the purpose of purchasing, selling, or exchanging the crypto assets, not speculative purposes. The notifications state that Funds may hold Bitcoin/Ethereum for no longer than five business days and USDT/USDC for no more than one month. Investment Limits Typically, the rules segregate investment limits into listed and non-listed digital assets, and the limits depend on the sophistication of the investors in the Funds. In general, UI Funds (mutual funds offered to institutional investors or ultra-high net worth investors) can invest in these new asset classes without any limitations, although net exposure to other crypto assets  –  which
Read More
October 7, 2024
Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending has been introduced as an additional option in Thailand’s fintech landscape. This innovative lending model offers new opportunities for both lenders and borrowers, while also presenting unique regulatory challenges. This article explores the current state of P2P lending in Thailand, focusing on the regulatory framework and the requirements for platform providers, borrowers, and lenders. Regulatory Framework for P2P Lending In Thailand, P2P lending platforms fall under the purview of Revolutionary Council Decree No. 58, which regulates lending businesses. The Bank of Thailand (BOT) recognizes the potential benefits of P2P lending platforms in providing lenders with new investment opportunities and offering borrowers additional sources of funds. A “P2P platform provider” is defined as a person who provides an electronic system or network for peer-to-peer lending. To ensure the security and stability of the P2P lending system and provide sufficient protection for platform users, the BOT has established a regulatory framework with specific requirements for P2P lending platforms. Regulatory Sandbox Requirement One unique aspect of Thailand’s approach to P2P lending regulation is the requirement for platforms to participate in a regulatory sandbox before applying for a P2P lending platform license. This sandbox approach allows the BOT to closely monitor and assess the operations of P2P platforms in a controlled environment before granting full operational licenses. Requirements for P2P Platform Providers To obtain a P2P lending platform license, applicants must meet several criteria, including: The applicant may not be a financial institution. The company must be incorporated in Thailand. A minimum paid-up registered capital of THB 5 million is required. At least 75% of the voting shares sold must be owned by Thai nationals. These requirements aim to ensure that P2P lending platforms have a significant local presence and adequate capital to operate responsibly. Regulations for Borrowers and Lenders
Read More
September 24, 2024
In recent years, Thailand has witnessed significant developments in its personal finance sector, particularly in alternative lending options. This article explores two key concepts in the Thai financial landscape: nano finance and personal loans. These alternative lending models, regulated by the Bank of Thailand (BOT), aim to provide more accessible financial services to individuals and small entrepreneurs who might have limited access to traditional funding sources. Nano Finance: Empowering Small Entrepreneurs The nano finance scheme under the BOT’s supervision is designed to provide funding to small entrepreneurs who might have limited access to traditional financial resources. One of the key features of this scheme is the ability of licensed nano finance providers to use alternative data in assessing loan applicants’ ability to repay (information-based lending). To implement this approach, nano finance providers must have an internal policy on credit approval that supports: Identifying scope and processes for utilizing alternative factors or technologies in determining debt repayment capacity, credit line limits for each loan applicant and total credit limits, and acceptable debt repayment targets; Having resources and personnel with sufficient knowledge, capability, experience, and expertise to operate efficiently and effectively, as well as clear checks and balances; Establishing guidelines for selecting and analyzing factors or financial models to evaluate or predict loan applicants’ ability and willingness to repay; Having an internal sandbox to test key success factors of the selected factors or models; and Having a process for monitoring and reviewing the application of the selected factors or models in assessing debt repayment capability. This approach allows nano finance providers to make more informed lending decisions based on a broader range of data, potentially increasing access to finance for small entrepreneurs who may not have traditional credit histories or collateral. Personal Loans The personal loan scheme under BOT supervision aims
Read More
September 20, 2024
On September 12, 2024, the Bank of Thailand (BOT) Notification Re: Virtual Bank Supervision Criteria took effect. According to this notification, virtual banks must adhere to standards for traditional commercial banks, along with additional requirements tailored to address virtual banks’ digital nature and corporate structure. Specific Requirements The concepts of supervision remain unchanged from the consultation paper titled “Criteria for Supervising Virtual Banks”. Some of the key additional provisions and details on supervision criteria relate to the following: Financial business groups: The notification identifies virtual banks as financial businesses, subject to the BOT’s regulations on financial business group supervision. If a virtual bank is a part of another financial institution’s financial business group, the virtual bank must be under a solo consolidated group. After the “initial phase” (see below), other financial institutions and companies within the financial business group are prohibited from extending credit to or engaging in transactions similar to lending activities with the virtual bank. Capital fund requirements: If other financial institutions’ investment in a virtual bank increases the capital fund in the financial system beyond a safe level and this poses a risk to other financial institutions, the BOT may order the relevant financial institution to maintain capital funds as the BOT deems appropriate. Service channels and outsourcing: Virtual banks must provide services solely through digital channels, except when necessary. For example, with the BOT’s approval, a virtual bank may use other commercial bank electronic branches via an ATM pool system, use a banking agent to serve customer needs for cash, or occasionally provide on-site services. Initial Phase The “initial phase” runs from the date that the virtual bank commences its operations until it receives the BOT’s approval to become fully operational. During this period, certain BOT supervisory requirements are relaxed as follows: Governance: Virtual banks in the initial phase may request
Read More