You are using an outdated browser and your browsing experience will not be optimal. Please update to the latest version of Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox. Install Microsoft Edge

January 16, 2015

The International Comparative Legal Guide to: Franchise 2015 – Vietnam Chapter

Global Legal Group

Jim Dao and Tu Ngoc Trinh, registered foreign attorney and attorney-at-law of the Tilleke & Gibbins corporate and commercial group in Vietnam, have coauthored the Vietnam chapter of The International Comparative Legal Guide to: Franchise 2015  (1st edition), a Q&A-style guide that provides a practical, cross-border overview of franchising law in 24 jurisdictions worldwide. The Vietnam chapter, which serves as a vital tool for franchisors and franchisees operating in the country, covers the following subjects in detail:

  • Franchise Legislation and Rules: Laws regulating the offer and sale of franchises, registration requirements, mandatory presale disclosure obligations, requirements to offer or sell a franchise, membership of national franchise associations, and translation of franchise documents into Vietnamese
  • Franchise Business Vehicles: Restrictions on non-nationals, business entities used by franchisors, and registration requirements and formalities
  • Competition Law: Overview of competition laws, maximum permitted terms for franchise agreements, minimum resale prices, encroachment, and in-term and post-term non-compete and non-solicitation of customers covenants
  • Enforcing Intellectual Property: Trademarks, trade secrets, and copyright
  • Liability: Franchisors failing to comply with mandatory disclosure obligations, rescinding franchise agreements, claiming damages, allocation of liability for disclosure non-compliance or misrepresentation, disclaimer clauses, and class-action lawsuits
  • Governing Law: Requirements to use local law, local court remedies, and enforcing foreign orders
  • Real Estate: Duration of commercial property leases, conditional lease assignments, restrictions on non-national entities, and the commercial real estate market in Vietnam
  • Online Trading: Online orders received from abroad and requiring former franchisees to assign local domain names to the franchisor on the expiry or termination of the franchise agreement
  • Termination: Mandatory local laws that may override termination rights
  • Labor Laws: Vicarious liability and mitigating risk
  • Currency Controls and Taxation: Limitations on the repatriation of royalties to overseas franchisors, withholding tax requirements, and conducting transactions in the Vietnamese Dong
  • Franchise Renewal: Disclosure obligations and compensation for non-renewal or refusal to extend a franchise agreement
  • Franchise Migration: Imposing restrictions on franchisees and step-in rights

This article appeared in the 2015 edition of The International Comparative Legal Guide to: Franchise, published by Global Legal Group Ltd, London. www.iclg.co.uk

RELATED INSIGHTS​ 

December 15, 2025
On December 10, 2025, the National Assembly of Vietnam officially passed the amended Law on Construction, marking the culmination of a multiyear reform process aimed at modernizing Vietnam’s construction legal framework, streamlining administrative procedures, and aligning with digital transformation and sustainability goals. The amended law, which replaces the current Law on Construction No. 50/2014/QH13, will take effect on July 1, 2026. The Ministry of Construction (MOC) is also preparing several guiding decrees covering project classification, digital submissions and database management, and technical standards for design documentation. Key Changes in the Amended Law While the executed version of the amended Law on Construction has yet to be released to the public, reports have confirmed that it includes the following key changes introduced under the latest draft submitted by the MOC in September: Project classification: The amended Law on Construction classifies construction projects by investment form (public, PPP, business investment, and others), which aligns with the Law on Public Investment, the Law on Investment, and the Law on PPP Investment. This reduces regulatory overlap and clarifies responsibilities. Project preparation and appraisal: The requirement for prefeasibility reports for business investment projects is abolished, as this requirement is now governed by the Law on Investment and the Law on Public Investment. This change shortens the preparation timeline and reduces duplication of procedures. In addition, the authority’s appraisal is streamlined to a single feasibility stage. Also eliminated is the appraisal process conducted following basic design approval, shifting more responsibility to investors and consultants, with targeted post-audit mechanisms for high-risk projects. Construction permits: One of the most significant new changes of the amended Law on Construction is the expansion of exemptions from construction permit requirements to the following eight distinct groups of construction works: State-secret works, emergency or urgent constructions, works under special public investment
December 15, 2025
Thailand is taking steps to energize its startup scene by drafting the Startup Promotion Law. This draft law aims to remove obstacles, open new funding opportunities, and provide coordinated government support. The goal is to make it easier for Thailand-based startups to grow and compete on a global stage. Why Is This Law Needed? For many years, Thai startups have operated under traditional company law frameworks that were not designed with high-growth businesses or with fundraising opportunities in mind. Restrictions on issuing bonds, offering shares to outside investors, and repurchasing shares for employee incentive programs made it challenging for emerging companies to access capital and accelerate their growth. The draft Startup Promotion Act seeks to remove these obstacles and foster a more competitive, entrepreneur-friendly environment in Thailand. Who’s in Charge? Two main organizations will oversee the startup ecosystem: Startup Promotion Committee: This group, to be appointed by the National Science, Research, and Innovation Policy Council, will set national strategies, policies, and budget; design promotional campaign and incentives; and propose further legislative amendments to promote startups. National Innovation Agency (NIA): Under the draft act, the NIA will be the main contact for startups and will serve as the secretariat office of the Startup Promotion Committee, coordinating data, advising startups, maintaining the public registry, and providing funding and investment (grants, repayable grants, loans, and equity) under committee criteria and, where applicable, cabinet approval. What Startups Are Eligible for Benefits? To be officially recognized and access benefits, a company must: Be a private limited company less than 10 years old at the time of application. Existing companies that already exceed the 10-year threshold may still apply for startup statues within one year of the law’s enactment, as long as they otherwise still qualify for the new regime. Have average annual revenue not
December 12, 2025
Similar to other types of corporate disputes, tax-related conflicts often begin with an earnest attempt to resolve matters outside the courtroom. The prospect of engaging in tax litigation can be daunting, given the potential strain on commercial relationships, the legal expenses, and the uncertainty surrounding its resolution. However, there are instances when tax litigation becomes the sole avenue for seeking redress. For individuals and entities contemplating the pursuit of tax-related legal remedies, the Thai legal system offers an accessible, impartial, and equitable platform for dispute resolution. Tilleke & Gibbins’ latest update to Tax Litigation in Thailand provides an outline for navigating tax-related disputes within the Thai legal framework. It aims to equip readers with a fundamental understanding of procedures and practices within the Thai tax litigation landscape. The full guide is available through the button below.
December 5, 2025
One morning, a California-based company mapping its Southeast Asia rollout opened an unexpected cease-and-desist letter from a Vietnamese IP firm. To the company’s surprise, the letter asserted that a local client already owned the company’s brand in Vietnam and threatened legal action. This is not an isolated incident. In another recent matter in the sports industry, a squatter demanded at least USD 48,000 from our client to “resolve” a similar conflict. For brands entering Vietnam or expanding distribution there, these tactics can create acute risk at precisely the point at which market momentum is building. Vietnam’s rapid economic growth and deepening integration into global trade have made it an increasingly attractive destination for multinational brands. Those same dynamics have intensified a longstanding issue: trademark squatting. Vietnam has modernized its IP framework over the past decade, but its strict first-to-file trademark system continues to incentivize opportunistic filings by parties with no legitimate interest in a mark. As more foreign brands build their reputation abroad before turning to Vietnam, squatters remain alert to timing gaps and enforcement frictions. The First-to-File System: Advantages and Vulnerabilities Vietnam adheres closely to the first-to-file principle under its Law on Intellectual Property. In practice, exclusive trademark rights belong to whoever submits the earliest valid application to the Vietnam Intellectual Property Office, regardless of prior use in Vietnam. This approach offers administrative clarity and reduces evidentiary burdens compared to use-based jurisdictions. Yet it also creates fertile conditions for squatting. Bad-faith actors regularly monitor foreign markets, identify brands gaining traction, and move quickly to register those marks domestically, often long before the genuine owner enters the market or prioritizes local filings. By the time the true brand seeks protection, the squatter’s application (or registration) stands as a legal obstacle, pushing businesses toward costly oppositions, cancellations, or uncomfortable negotiations