In the last half decade, many tragic events have taken place due to Thailand’s ongoing political discord. The recent May riots resulted in incalculable damages, both public and private. Naturally, as Thai law imposes liability on those who directly commit violent acts, those directly responsible and the masterminds of the riots should be held liable for the damages caused. However, this raises questions as to the circumstances under which these instigators or masterminds are criminally and/or civilly liable. This article examines the relevant provisions under Thai law.