Thailand has quickly become the country to watch in the pharmaceutical field since the Thai Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) stepped in and issued compulsory licenses on various key patented drugs. The attempts of the MoPH to intervene in the pharmaceutical market have attracted considerable attention from governments, stakeholders, and various interest groups and experts around the world. While the pharmaceutical regulatory system in Thailand operates independently of the IP system, interactions between the two systems are crucial to the existence of the pharmaceutical industry and directly affect the development of the healthcare system in Thailand. This article examines the issues raised by the compulsory licenses.